In addition to diet and exercise, a doctor may prescribe drugs to help prevent the ravages of high blood sugar. Multiple classes of diabetes drugs are available, with a few of the major ones being listed below. A good source of information on drug treatments for diabetes can be found by clicking here.

INSULIN: If the pancreas is not producing enough insulin, or if cells are resistant to it, it makes sense to add more insulin into the bloodstream. Many brands of insulin are available. Patients taking insulin must monitor their blood sugar throughout each day, as insulin can push too much sugar out of the system, causing a dangerous hypoglycemic condition that must be treated immediately to avoid permanent injury or death. Allergic reactions to insulin treatment are also possible.

BIGUANIDE: These drugs, which are widely used in the treatment of diabetes, help diabetes by reducing the amount of glucose that is made in the liver. Since your blood sugar will be lower, the amount of insulin in the body will also decrease. Major brands include Glucophage and Metformin. Dizziness and diarrhea are often reported during the first few weeks of taking biguanides. There may also be a metallic taste in the mouth.

SULFONYLUREA: Instead of the direct injection of insulin, drugs in this class induce the pancreas to make more insulin. Many brands are available, and good information about the side effects of this drug class can be found by clicking here.

THIAZOLIDINEDIONE: These drugs make the cells respond better to insulin. Two primary brands include Actos and Avandia. People with liver damage or disease should not take these drugs, and patients must be monitored closely for liver damage while taking thiazolidinediones.